Primer



June 30, 1925. I 1,544,306

E. T. FRANZEN PRIMER Filed March 5. 1923 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VEN TOR LATTORNEY June 30, 1925. 1,544,306

E. T. FRANZEN PRIMER Filed March 5. 192: s Sheets-Sheet 2 3 INVENTOR 5.5m BY M Wk- MW A TTORNE Y June 30, 1925. 1,544,306

E. T. FRANZEN PRIMER Filed March 5.1923 3 Sheets-Sheet s 'I'IIIIIIIIIIIIII IlIIlIIlIIIlIIIIIl/IIIII.

A TTORNE Y Patented June 30, 1925.

"UNITED STATES ERIC '1. FBANZEN, OF MAILEWOOD, NEW JERSEY.

PRIMER.

' Application filed March 5,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Euro T. FRANZEN, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, residing at Maplewood, in the county of Essex and State of NewJersey, have invented new and useful Improvements in Primers, of whichthe following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in primers for internalcombustion engines and one of its objects is to provide an automaticallycontrolled device for admitting gasoline to the engine cylinders forstarting.

It is well known that adjustment of the carburetor to produce a richmixture capable of easy starting of a motor when cold,

is not only wasteful of fuel, but has many other drawbacks, such as lossof power in hill climbing and formation of a deposit of carbon withinthe cylinders which ultimately causes much engine trouble.

To obviate these objections, it has been customary to adjust thecarburetor for ordinary running conditions, and provide auxiliarypriming devices, such as priming cups or other hand operated primers ofvarious designs.

It therefore remains to develop a primer operating automatically so thatwhen the engine is cold, the primer will function to admit a richmixture to the motor, and as soon as the motor attains its normalrunning temperature automatically cuts off the additional source ofsupply, permitting the motor to operate as under normal conditions.

Another purpose of the invention is in the provision of a primer whichmay be connected in the ordinary fuel supply system withoutnecessitating any material changes, thereby producing a device that maybe manufactured and distributed as an accessorv.

As a further aim the invention. contemplates the provision of athermally controlled valve arranged in such manner as to admit atomizedgasoline directly into the intake manifold when the motor is startedwhile cold, and which, when the motor becomes heated, will close and cutoff the primary charge.

With the above and other objects in view, I which will become moreapparent as the description proceeds, the invention consists in thenovel construction, combination and arrangement of parts set forth inthe follow- 1923. Serial No. 622,767.

1ng specification, claimed, and illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, in which Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view, illustrating theprimer as applied to a vacuum fuel system.

Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1 showing its'application to agravity or pressure fuel system.

Figure 3 is a view similar to'Figure 1, showing the arrangement ofpipes, bleed valves and the like where the valve is of necessity lowerthan the fuel level in the vacuum tank.

Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view through a thermostatic valve ofthe pre ferred type.

Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view taken on line 55 of Figure 4.

Figure 6 is a horizontal sectional view taken on line 66 of Fi re 4.

Figure 7 is a view similar to Figure 6 taken on line 7-7 of Figure 4.

Figure 8 is a side view of the valve with the cover removed,illustrating the valve equipped with an auxiliary heating coil.

Figure 9 is a side view in elevation of a modified form of valve.

Figure 10 is a longitudinal sectional view through the same.

Referring to the drawings in detail, the numeral 10 designates the fueltank of a motor vehicle, usually arranged at'the rear and below thelevel of the carburetor.

Leading from the tank 10 is a pipe 11, the discharge end of whichempties into the auxiliary fuel tank 12, arranged above the level of thecarburetor and usually on the dashboard of the vehicle.

This auxiliary tank 12 is connected by pipe 13 to the float chamber ofthe carburetor 14, so that the liquid within the tank will be fed bygravity into the carburetor.

, Connected as usual to the carburetor 14 is the intake manifold 15 ofthe motor, and connectedto the intake manifold 15 and to the tank 12 isthe customary vacuum pipe 16 by means of which the tank 12 is partlallyexhausted, so that liquid fuel from the tank trolled valve 18 is securedin any suitable manner to the exhaust manifold 19 and one side of saidvalve is connected by means of this primer a. thermally cone I:

pipe 20 to the fuel supply pipe 13 the opposite side of said valve beingconiiected by a pipe 21 to the vacuum pipe 16, so that must be set sothat when the motor is cool,

the valve will open and as the motor becomes heated the valve willclose.

In the gravity or pressure fuel system,

illustrated in Figure 2, the fuel tank 22 is mounted above the level ofthe carburetor 23 3 and is connected directly thereto by means of fuelpipe 24.

:As' shown, the carburetor 23 is connected j to'the intake manifold 25in the customary I so manner and the complications of the vacuum systemdispensed with.

"lhe valve 18 is secured to the exhaust manifold 26 in the mannerpreviously described and one side of said valve is connected by means ofipe '27 to the carburetor opposite the side carrying the float. Theopposite side of the valve is connected by a vacuum pipe 28 to theintake manifold audit will be seen that when starting a cold,- motor theexhaust from the manifold will create a vacuum within the pipes 28 and2-7, causingl the atomized gasoline 'to rise throutg said pipes anddirectly enter the mani old 26.

In some instances, the vacuum tank 12 must be so disposed on the vehicleas to bring the fuel level therein above the level of the valve 18, asshown in Figure 3.

In this arrangement the pipes and connections are essentially alikeexcept in place of pipe 20, there is substituted a pi e 29 bent in theform of an inverted U, the ight of which is disposed above the level ofthe fuel in the tank 12 and provided with a minute bleed o ning 30 toovercome any 1 tendency to syp on.

' the point In order to. prevent too free a flow of fuel into the pipe20 or 29 it may be found desirable to install a metering plu 31 at 13where the pipe '20 or 29 oin the pi t is'to be understood that a cut-offcock 32 of any suitable type may be interposed between the valve 18 andfuel supply tank 12, so that the user may at discretion rendertherprimer inoperative,

e preferred type of automatic control valve heretofore designated by thenumeral 18 comprises a hollow body 33 provided with an open sidenormally closed by a cover plate 34.

Formed at opposite ends of the body a longitudinally extending cars 35for the accommodation offastening devices by which the valve is securedto the exhaust manifold. Formed on the underside of the valve body is anangularly extending boss 36 provided with a lon 'tudinal bore 37intersecting a transverse re 38 near the upper end of the boss, inalinement with a nip}: e 39 It will thus be seen that a rig t anglepassage is formed, and arranged at the upper end of the bore 37 is avalve seat for cooperation with the valve 40.

This valve is rovided with a flanged head 41, adapted to e receivedwithin the bifurcation 42 of the thermostatic unit 43, which issubstantially U-shaped and rigidly supported in a slot 44 in the body.11 adjusting screw 45 is threaded through one wall of the body and itsinner end 1m inges on the thermostatic unit 43 to vary t e operation ofthe valve.

In some instances it may be found desirable to cut off the primarycharge prior to bringing the motor up to normal running temperature andin order to permit of such operation, an electrical. heating coil 46 isarranged within the body, one terminal being connected through amanually controlled switch to a source of electric energy, while theopposite terminal is connected to a contact 47. p

'Secured to the thermostatic couple 43, near .the valve 40, is a contact48 which, when the valve is open, engages the contact 47.

It is to be understood that the bod 33 is connected to the oppositeterminal 0 the power source and thus it wilLbe seen that when the switchis closed and the valve open, the current will flow through the coil 46,

thereby causing the same to become heated and the radiation therefromwill eventually effect the operation of the thermostatic couple, causingthe same to seat the valve 40 and simultaneously break contact throughthe coil.

In the modified form of valve shown in Figs. 9 and 10, a body 49 isprovided with a hollow cylindrical housing 50 hav ng externalscrew-threads 51 received in the threaded o ning 52 formed in an exhaustmanifold meral 53.

Formed in axial alinement with the 1mdrical housing on the apposite end0 the body 49, is an externa threaded nipple 54 and extending radia yfrom the body is a similar nipple 55. w

As shown in Figure 10, the body 49 is provided with an axial bore 56,its inner end communicating with the passage 57 formed in the ni ple 54.A similar passage 58 is formed in the nipple and communicates with thebore 56 as shown in Figure 10. v

Slidably fitted in the-bore 56 is a valve 59, its inner end seating onthe shoulder formed where the bore 56 meets the passage 57.

Pivotally connected, as at 60, tothe outer esignated generally by thenuend of the valve 59 are bowed thermostatic elements 61, the oppositeends of which are I pivotally connected, as at 62, to a plug 63 formingthe end closure for the housing 50.

Obviously in this type of valve, the heated gases passing through theexhaust manifold 53 will impinge directly upon the wall of the housing50, thereby bringing the valve into rapid action.

While in the foregoing there has been shown and described the preferredemb0diments of this invention, it is to be understood that certain minorchanges in the details of construction, combination and arrangement ofparts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and scope ofthe invention as disclosed.

Having thus described my invention and set forth the manner of itsconstruction, application and use, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is:

The combination with an' internal com-' bustion engine including anintake manifold, an exhaust manifold and a fuel supply tank, of a hollowcasing juxtaposed on the wall of said exhaust manifold, said casinghaving extensions provided with passages, one of the passagescommunicating with said tank and the other passage with the intakemanifold, a valve plug controlling the passages, said plug having arecessed head extending into said casing, a thermopile fixed at one endrigidly in the casing and bowed thcrewithin to act as a spring, the freeend of said thermopile being forked to engage the head of said valveplug, and means for adjusting said thermo pile. a

This specification signed and witnessed this 19th day of February, 1923.

. ERIC T. FRANZEN. Witnesses:

' F. NonL,

FREDK C. FISCHER.

